String Formatting

Topics: string, format

String formatting makes your output clean, readable, and useful for generating patient summaries, research reports, or formatted outputs from clinical data.

f-strings (Recommended - Python 3.6+)

Set the data.

name = "Dr. Santos"
age = 45
bp = "130/85"
diagnosis = "Hypertension"

You can combine text and variable values neatly using f-strings, perfect for generating dynamic summaries or reports.

message = f"Patient seen by {name}, age {age}, with a diagnosis of {diagnosis}."
print(message)

# Patient seen by Dr. Santos, age 45, with a diagnosis of Hypertension.

You can also format numerical outputs — for instance, when displaying lab results or computed values:

glucose = 92.457
print(f"Fasting blood glucose: {glucose:.1f} mg/dL")  # Fasting blood glucose: 92.5 mg/dL
print(f"Fasting blood glucose: {glucose:.0f} mg/dL")  # Fasting blood glucose: 92 mg/dL
.format() Method

Before f-strings, Python commonly used the .format() method — it’s still useful and readable:

patient_name = "Maria Cruz"
age = 60
bp = "150/90"

message = "Patient {} ({} y/o) has a BP reading of {}.".format(patient_name, age, bp)
print(message)

# Patient Maria Cruz (60 y/o) has a BP reading of 150/90.

This approach is especially useful when your variables are defined elsewhere in your program, such as when reading from files or data entry forms.

String Methods

Python includes many built-in methods to clean or modify text — perfect when cleaning raw data (like patient notes or survey entries).

text = "  Hypertension Stage II  "

print(text)                                 #   Hypertension Stage II  
print(text.upper())                         #   HYPERTENSION STAGE II
print(text.lower())                         #   hypertension stage ii
print(text.strip())                         # Hypertension Stage II (removes whitespace)
print(text.replace("Stage II", "Stage I"))  #   Hypertension Stage I

Splitting and joining

Useful for converting comma-separated values (like lab results or medication lists) into lists for easier analysis.

medications = "Aspirin,Metformin,Lisinopril"
med_list = medications.split(",")      # ['Aspirin', 'Metformin', 'Lisinopril']
rejoined = " | ".join(med_list)        # Aspirin | Metformin | Lisinopril

print(medications)
print(med_list)
print(rejoined)